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Purpose  This publication establishes communications tactics, techniques, and procedures (TTP) for tactical command and control (TAC C2) to manage air operations and to control airspace and aircraft. It also establishes TTP for force packaging and direct ...

Date Revision  06/15/2024 Initial Draft 09/18/2024 Added TACADMIN Chapters

Airspace control is the capabilities and procedures used to increase operational effectiveness by promoting the safe, efficient, and flexible use of airspace (Joint Publication (JP) 3-52, Joint Airspace Control). There are two methods of airspace control:...

This source is approved of public release and can be freely accessed from the internet. ATP 3-52.4/MCRP 3-20F.10/NTTP 6-02.9/AFTTP 3-2.8

Note: For the purpose of this publication, controller is a general term used to define the individual providing tactical control of an intercept or mission. The term “fighter” is used throughout this chapter. Fighter information applies to any aircraft capable...

This chapter builds on the formation fundamentals learned in undergraduate flying training— refer to AFMAN 11-251, Volume 1, T-38C Flying Fundamentals. 3.1    Introduction. We generally understand formation to mean two or more aircraft working together with ...

1.1  Overview. War in the aerospace environment is currently in a period of fast-paced evolution. Since the beginning of aerial combat, technological development has driven, and been driven by, progress in building more efficient and effective aircraft and wea...

2.1    Introduction. Mission preparation, individually and as a flight, is the foundation of successful fighter operations. It encompasses cockpit resource management (CRM), psychological considerations, objective application, the prioritization based on SA, ...

4.1    Introduction. Success in visual A/A combat depends on the ability of the fighter pilot to maneuver the aircraft into a position from which ordnance can be employed against the adversary. BFM is the efficient application of aircraft handling skills to e...

4.2    BFM Axioms. There are three basic axioms of BFM that apply to any situation. Whether offensive, defensive, or high aspect (neutral), the following three concepts apply to every situation. They are:•    Lose Sight, Lose the Fight•    Maneuver in Relatio...

4.3    BFM Concepts. BFM is not a set of canned maneuvers; rather, it is a dynamic combination of rolls, turns, and maneuvers to either create or solve a BFM problem. BFM problems can be created in range, angles, and closure. Each BFM selected is based on sol...

4.4    Power and Energy Management. Power affects airspeed and therefore turn radius and rate. Power is also used to control energy. Energy provides the potential to maneuver. Nonoptimal energy levels (usually expressed in airspeed) can result in degraded tur...

4.5    BFM Cross-Check. During a BFM engagement, we need to keep track of two things in order to be successful. First, we need to monitor our own aircraft performance to execute our game plan. Second, we need to monitor the Bandit’s position relative to us an...

4.6 Offensive BFM (OBFM). OBFM trains the fighter pilot to maneuver from a position of advantage to a controllable WEZ and kill the Bandit. OBFM is a sequential set of problems solved by the offender to arrive at a controllable WEZ and employ valid ordnance t...

4.7    Defensive BFM (DFBM). The goal of DBFM is to train the fighter pilot to survive while maneuvering from a position of disadvantage. The correct mindset is critical to DBFM, and a will to survive is paramount. Unlike offensive, DBFM requires the pilot to...

4.8    High-Aspect BFM (HABFM). HABFMs may occur throughout many phases of a tactical engagement. During the transition from the intercept to the BFM phase, the Bandit may have a tally or may be turning into the attacker based on RWR indications, radar contac...

4.9    Air Combat Maneuvering (ACM). ACM is a substantial leap from BFM in terms of employment. No longer is it a single-man concept where your only cross-check is the Bandit. You now have to bring your element mate into your cross-check along with the normal...